Where does GitHub Copilot store custom instructions?

Quick answer: Per project, Copilot reads .github/copilot-instructions.md at the repo root, plus scoped .github/instructions/*.instructions.md files. Globally, the Copilot CLI reads ~/.copilot/copilot-instructions.md. Copilot also honors the shared AGENTS.md standard, keeps agents in .github/agents/, and stores MCP config in ~/.copilot/mcp-config.json.

Every Copilot config location

Per project (inside the repo)

WhatPathNotes
Main instructions.github/copilot-instructions.mdApplies to the whole repo
Scoped instructions.github/instructions/*.instructions.mdFrontmatter applyTo globs scope each file
Shared standardAGENTS.mdCopilot reads the open standard too
Agents.github/agents/One Markdown file per agent
MCP servers.github/mcp.json or .mcp.jsonServers under mcpServers

Global (Copilot CLI, your home directory)

WhatPathNotes
Global instructions~/.copilot/copilot-instructions.mdOverride dirs via COPILOT_CUSTOM_INSTRUCTIONS_DIRS
Global agents~/.copilot/agents/Markdown files
Global MCP servers~/.copilot/mcp-config.jsonRelocatable via COPILOT_HOME

The .github/ scatter problem

Copilot's config hides inside a folder most people associate with CI workflows. That has two consequences:

Add the global CLI files in ~/.copilot/ and one tool's config is spread across every repo you own plus a hidden home-directory folder.

Desastre inventory showing instruction files including Copilot configs across multiple projects, each tagged with its tool

Every Copilot file, surfaced automatically

Desastre scans your machine and lists every Copilot config it finds — copilot-instructions.md in every repo, scoped .instructions.md files, .github/agents/, the global ~/.copilot/ files and MCP config — in one window, tagged with the project each belongs to. Files Copilot shares with other tools (like AGENTS.md or .mcp.json) are tagged with every compatible tool, so you can see at a glance which instructions serve double duty.

Want to bring a great repo's instructions to Claude Code or Codex? "Copy to tool…" renames and places the file correctly in one click.

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